Accuracy of various alternate methods of calculating total mass flow rate for PKL instrumented pipe spool prototype tests in single- and two-phase steam-water flows

Instrumented spool pieces for installation in the piping of the German Primarkreislauf (PKL) test reactor have been designed and tested. The primary objective of the spools is to provide measurements of two-phase steam-water flow parameters (pressure, temperature, velocity) from which mass flow rates can be calculated. Each spool contains a three-beam densitometer, flow turbine, drag screen, and p…