Population size estimation when multiple samples carrying the risk of misidentification are taken within the same capture occasion from the same individual

Abstract Although non-invasive sampling is increasingly used in capture-recapture (CR) monitoring, it carries a risk of misidentification that, if ignored, causes an overestimation of population size. Models that deal with misidentification have been proposed. However, these models assume that only one sample can be collected per individual at one occasion. This is not true for several monitoring…