Different Ways to Resolve Discrepancy Between Descriptive and Injunctive Norms Across Cultures

Abstract Supplementing Gelfand and Harrington’s exclusive focus on descriptive norms, we speculate how cultural lay beliefs may play a role to reconcile the discrepancy between descriptive and injunctive norms. For example, although violation of traffic laws and bribery are socially condemned, they are prevalent in China. Because of the differential beliefs in individual agency versus collective a…